In our financial space, we come to a state, where we have sufficient funds, and we wish to invest a chunk of it for future plans and goals.
Two very popularly used media for investment are Fixed deposits and Mutual Funds. We will distinguish between the two after we define them properly.
Fixed Deposits
Here we deposit money in a bank for a specific period of time that ranges from 7 days to 10 years. The amount invested earns an interest based on the tenure of deposition. It can be as high as 9% per annum(varies according to the banks and it’s schemes). After the tenure ends, the money is returned to us topped with the interest earned.
Mutual Funds
Mutual funds can be best described as a place where funds are consolidated by numerous investors. The fund accumulated is invested in one or many asset classes like equity, debt, liquid assets etc.
It carries the tag mutual because all the perils, awards, gains and losses in the invested sum are shared by all the investors in accordance to their contributions.
Difference between Fixed Deposits and Mutual Funds
Rates of Interests:
In case of Fixed deposits, the rate of interests are pre-determined and remain intact during the entire tenure of investment. The rates of interest vary for mutual funds as per the market conditions. In case of an uphill in the market scenario, the benefits of mutual funds surpass those of fixed deposits, as the returns are higher. While a downhill situation in the market renders fixed deposits as the winners in terms of the returns that are offered.
Liquidity:
In case of Fixed deposits, the tenure is fixed, and they offer medium and low liquidity options until you complete the entire tenure of deposit. Mutual Funds offer liquidity to the investors but with certain sets of terms and conditions.
There would be some penalty associated with pre-mature withdrawal of our fixed deposits, hence we would lose a chunk of our expected return. For mutual funds, after the minimum holding period is over the liquidity rate is high. However if we immediately withdraw after we invest that is within a year, then we are liable to pay an exit load cost of 1 percent.
Risk Factor
Fixed deposits are for investors with low risk appetite. However mutual funds are for people with high-risk appetite.
Investment Cost
There are certain costs associated with the mutual funds that we invest in, however fixed deposits do not levy any expense on the investor. The expense incurred depends on the kind of mutual fund that we choose. Liquid funds may have a low expense of up to 1% p.a., debt mutual funds may have anywhere between 0.5% p.a. to 2.25% p.a., and the expense of equity mutual funds may be up to 3% p.a. This expense is adjusted in your returns
Tax Scenario
We would all love to receive more amount of money post the tax returns from our investment
In case of mutual funds, you need not pay any long term capital gain tax on your investment in equity mutual funds
However for a short term gain, we need to pay taxes at 15 percent. The gains in long term investment in debt mutual funds are taxed at 20 percent with indexation and 10 percent without indexation. For liquid mutual funds, the tax is as per the tax slab.
Regardless of the tenure in fixed deposits, the interest that is earned in totality is taxable according to the tax slabs.
We have drawn a line of differentiation between Fixed deposits and Mutual funds. Hope this helps you out better with investment plans. Happy investing.
